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# Systemic syndromes

Anemia, bleeding, sepsis, thyroid, adrenal and fluid status, seen at the bedside.

11 pages

## Topic

- [**Amenorrhea and galactorrhea: primary, secondary and four compartments** How to think about absent periods and milky nipple discharge: first rule out pregnancy, then…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/amenorrhea-and-galactorrhea-primary-secondary-and-four-compartments/)
- [**Enlarged lymph nodes: localized or generalized, and when to biopsy** Swollen glands are usually from an infection nearby, but some signs point to tuberculosis, HIV…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/enlarged-lymph-nodes-localized-or-generalized-and-when-to-biopsy/)
- [**Reading a complete blood count: red cells, white cells and platelets** The most ordered blood test: how to read the red cell, white cell and platelet lines in order…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/reading-a-complete-blood-count-red-cells-white-cells-and-platelets/)

## Syndrome

- [**Anemia syndrome** Too few red cells or too little hemoglobin: tiredness, pallor, breathlessness on effort and…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/anemia-syndrome/)
- [**Bleeding syndromes: platelet vs coagulation pattern** Abnormal bleeding: the kind of skin lesion and the site of bleeding show whether platelets or…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/bleeding-syndromes-platelet-vs-coagulation-pattern/)
- [**Cushing syndrome and adrenal insufficiency: the signs** Too much cortisol (Cushing) or too little adrenal hormone (Addison): two opposite pictures you…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/cushing-syndrome-and-adrenal-insufficiency-the-signs/)
- [**Dehydration and fluid overload** Too little fluid (thirst, dry mouth, little urine) or too much (swelling, breathlessness): the…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/dehydration-and-fluid-overload/)
- [**Fever, infection and sepsis: the bedside signs** Sepsis is an infection that harms the organs; warning signs are fast breathing, confusion and…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/fever-infection-and-sepsis-the-bedside-signs/)
- [**Hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: the signs** The thyroid sets the body's speed: with too much hormone everything speeds up, with too little…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/hyperthyroidism-and-hypothyroidism-the-signs/)

## Sign

- [**Hirsutism and virilization: the Ferriman-Gallwey score and the causes** Extra coarse hair in a male pattern in a woman, how it is scored, and the signs that point to a…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/hirsutism-and-virilization-the-ferriman-gallwey-score-and-the-causes/)
- [**Muscle cramps and tetany: Chvostek and Trousseau signs** Painful muscle spasms, and two bedside signs that reveal over-excitable nerves when blood…](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/muscle-cramps-and-tetany-chvostek-and-trousseau-signs/)

## A to Z

- [A](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/a/)
- [B](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/b/)
- [C](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/c/)
- [D](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/d/)
- [E](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/e/)
- [F](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/f/)
- [G](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/g/)
- [H](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/h/)
- [I](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/i/)
- [J](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/j/)
- [K](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/k/)
- [L](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/l/)
- [M](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/m/)
- [N](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/n/)
- [O](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/o/)
- [P](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/p/)
- [R](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/r/)
- [S](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/s/)
- [T](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/t/)
- [U](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/u/)
- [V](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/v/)
- [W](https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/a-z/w/)

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Educational content on the clinical exam; it is learned and practised under supervision. It does not replace assessment by a health professional and is not for self-diagnosis.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.

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Source: https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/areas/systemic/
License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Cite as: DurgiPedia (durgical.com), https://durgical.com/en/clinical-exam/areas/systemic/