[Durgical](https://durgical.com/en/) › [DurgiPedia](https://durgical.com/en/durgipedia/) › [General pathology](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/) › Lung # Lung Edema and ARDS, COPD and asthma, interstitial disease, pulmonary vessels, infections, tumours and pleura. 34 pages ## Lesion - [**Asbestos-related disease** Asbestos fibres scar the lower lungs, make pleural plaques, and cause lung carcinoma and…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/asbestos-related-disease/) - [**Asthma: pathology** Asthma is chronic airway inflammation that makes bronchi narrow in episodes](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/asthma-pathology/) - [**Atelectasis: resorption, compression and contraction** Atelectasis is collapsed or never-expanded lung](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/atelectasis-resorption-compression-and-contraction/) - [**Bacterial pneumonia: lobar vs bronchopneumonia** Bacteria fill the alveoli with neutrophils](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/bacterial-pneumonia-lobar-vs-bronchopneumonia/) - [**Bronchiectasis** Bronchiectasis is permanent widening of bronchi after their muscle and elastic tissue are…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/bronchiectasis/) - [**Chronic bronchitis** Chronic bronchitis is a productive cough on most days for months each year, caused mostly by…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/chronic-bronchitis/) - [**Coal workers' pneumoconiosis and silicosis** Inhaled coal or silica dust is eaten by macrophages](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/coal-workers-pneumoconiosis-and-silicosis/) - [**Congenital lung anomalies** Rare birth defects of the lung: too little lung, cysts left over from the foregut, or a piece of…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/congenital-lung-anomalies/) - [**Diffuse alveolar damage (ARDS)** In ARDS the alveolar lining and capillaries are injured](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/diffuse-alveolar-damage/) - [**Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage** Bleeding into many alveoli at once, from autoimmune attack on the basement membrane or from…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/diffuse-alveolar-hemorrhage/) - [**Drug- and radiation-induced lung injury** Some drugs and thoracic radiation injure the lung, causing acute damage that may heal or scar](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/drug-and-radiation-induced-lung-injury/) - [**Emphysema** Emphysema is permanent enlargement of the airspaces beyond the terminal bronchiole, with…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/emphysema/) - [**Granulomatous pneumonia: tuberculosis and endemic fungi** Tuberculosis and fungi such as Histoplasma and Paracoccidioides cause slow pneumonias made of…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/granulomatous-pneumonia-tuberculosis-and-endemic-fungi/) - [**Hospital-acquired and aspiration pneumonia, and lung abscess** Pneumonia in hospital is caused by tougher bacteria](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/hospital-acquired-and-aspiration-pneumonia-and-lung-abscess/) - [**Hypersensitivity pneumonitis** Repeated breathing of organic dust (mouldy hay, bird proteins) causes immune inflammation around…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis/) - [**Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (UIP pattern)** IPF is progressive scarring of the lung in older adults](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis/) - [**Lung carcinoma: histologic types** Four main types: adenocarcinoma is peripheral and glandular, squamous is central and…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/lung-carcinoma-histologic-types/) - [**Nonspecific interstitial and cryptogenic organizing pneumonia** Two interstitial patterns with a better outlook than IPF: NSIP is even inflammation or fibrosis…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/nonspecific-interstitial-and-cryptogenic-organizing-pneumonia/) - [**Other lung tumours and lung metastases** Not every lung nodule is carcinoma: hamartomas are benign coin lesions, and the lung is the most…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/other-lung-tumours-and-lung-metastases/) - [**Pleural effusion and pneumothorax** Fluid, pus, blood, chyle or air can collect between the pleural layers](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pleural-effusion-and-pneumothorax/) - [**Pleural tumours: mesothelioma and solitary fibrous tumour** Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer of the pleural lining caused mostly by asbestos](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pleural-tumours-mesothelioma-and-solitary-fibrous-tumour/) - [**Pulmonary edema: hemodynamic vs alveolar-capillary injury** Fluid fills the lung either because pressure in the pulmonary veins is high (heart failure) or…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pulmonary-edema-hemodynamic-vs-alveolar-capillary-injury/) - [**Pulmonary eosinophilia** A group of lung diseases where eosinophils fill the alveoli and septa, caused by parasites…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pulmonary-eosinophilia/) - [**Pulmonary hypertension** Pulmonary hypertension is high pressure in the lung arteries](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pulmonary-hypertension/) - [**Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumours** Lung neuroendocrine tumours range from harmless tumorlets to low-grade carcinoids to highly…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/pulmonary-neuroendocrine-tumours/) - [**Sarcoidosis: the lung** Sarcoidosis is a disease of tight, non-caseating granulomas of unknown cause, mostly in hilar…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/sarcoidosis-the-lung/) - [**Smoking-related and rare diffuse lung diseases** Rarer diffuse lung diseases: smokers' pigmented macrophages (DIP, RB-ILD), Langerhans cell…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/smoking-related-and-rare-diffuse-lung-diseases/) - [**Viral pneumonia** Viruses inflame the alveolar walls rather than filling the alveoli](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/viral-pneumonia/) ## Topic - [**Community-acquired pneumonia: organisms** Each bacterium has its usual patient and clue: pneumococcus for anyone, Klebsiella in alcohol…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/community-acquired-pneumonia-organisms/) - [**Lung carcinoma: spread and paraneoplastic syndromes** Lung cancer causes trouble by local invasion (nerves, veins, pleura), by metastasis (brain…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/lung-carcinoma-spread-and-paraneoplastic-syndromes/) - [**Obstructive vs restrictive lung disease: the comparison table** Obstructive disease narrows the airways and air gets trapped; restrictive disease stiffens the…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/obstructive-vs-restrictive-lung-disease-the-comparison-table/) - [**The lung in autoimmune disease** Connective tissue diseases can scar the interstitium, inflame the pleura, form nodules or narrow…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/the-lung-in-autoimmune-disease/) - [**The lung in immunocompromise and transplant** When immunity is weak the lung is infected by organisms that rarely harm healthy people](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/the-lung-in-immunocompromise-and-transplant/) ## Mechanism - [**Lung carcinoma: pathogenesis and precursors** Tobacco carcinogens mutate the airway lining step by step](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/lung-carcinoma-pathogenesis-and-precursors/) ## A to Z - [A](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/a-z/a/) - [B](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/a-z/b/) - 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