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# Cancer genetics

Oncogenes, tumour suppressors, hereditary syndromes and biomarkers.

12 pages

## Topics

- [**Oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes** Cancer arises from mutations that speed up division (oncogenes) or remove its brakes (tumour…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/oncogenes-and-tumour-suppressor-genes/)
- [**Oncogenes: RAS, MYC, HER2, BCR-ABL and the table to know** Oncogenes are growth genes stuck in the ‘on’ position](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/oncogenes-ras-myc-her2-bcr-abl-and-the-table-to-know/)
- [**Tumour suppressor genes: RB, TP53, APC, BRCA and the two-hit hypothesis** Tumour suppressors are the cell's brakes](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/tumour-suppressor-genes-rb-tp53-apc-brca-and-the-two-hit-hypothesis/)
- [**Genomic instability: mismatch repair, BRCA and xeroderma pigmentosum** When DNA repair fails, mutations pile up much faster](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/genomic-instability-mismatch-repair-brca-and-xeroderma-pigmentosum/)
- [**Translocations, amplifications and epigenetic changes in cancer** Besides point mutations, cancers swap chromosome pieces, copy genes many times and silence genes…](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/translocations-amplifications-and-epigenetic-changes-in-cancer/)
- [**Hereditary cancer syndromes: the table to know** A few families inherit a faulty cancer gene](https://durgical.com/en/general-pathology/hereditary-cancer-syndromes-the-table-to-know/)
- [**Precision oncology: driver mutations, biomarker testing and liquid biopsy** Testing a tumour's genes can show which targeted drug may work](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/topics/precision-oncology-driver-mutations-biomarker-testing-and-liquid-biopsy/)

## Conditions and syndromes

- [**Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (BRCA1/BRCA2)** Inherited BRCA1 or BRCA2 variants that sharply raise the risk of breast and ovarian cancer, and…](https://durgical.com/en/conditions/hereditary-breast-and-ovarian-cancer-syndrome/)
- [**Lynch syndrome (hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer)** An inherited tendency to colon, endometrial and other cancers caused by faults in the genes that…](https://durgical.com/en/conditions/lynch-syndrome/)
- [**Retinoblastoma** Retinoblastoma is a cancer of the retina in young children](https://durgical.com/en/conditions/retinoblastoma/)
- [**Xeroderma pigmentosum** An inherited disease in which skin cannot repair sun damage: easy burns, freckles and skin…](https://durgical.com/en/conditions/xeroderma-pigmentosum/)
- [**Chronic myeloid leukaemia** Chronic myeloid leukaemia is a bone-marrow cancer driven by the Philadelphia chromosome…](https://durgical.com/en/conditions/chronic-myeloid-leukaemia/)

[← Medical genetics](https://durgical.com/en/genetics/)

This section is an index: it gathers pages from Biochemistry, Pathology, Embryology and other sections without repeating them. Educational content; it does not replace a geneticist's assessment or genetic counselling.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.

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Source: https://durgical.com/en/genetics/cancer/
License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Cite as: DurgiPedia (durgical.com), https://durgical.com/en/genetics/cancer/