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# The genome and gene expression

DNA, how it is read and regulated, and how it is shared out in mitosis and meiosis.

9 pages

- [**Central dogma of molecular biology** Information flows from DNA to RNA and from RNA to protein; replication copies DNA and reverse…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/central-dogma-of-molecular-biology/)
- [**DNA structure and chromatin** DNA is a double helix of two antiparallel strands held by base pairs; it wraps around histones…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/dna-structure-and-chromatin/)
- [**Transcription** Transcription copies a DNA gene into an RNA molecule; in eukaryotes three RNA polymerases do it…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/transcription/)
- [**RNA processing (cap, poly-A tail and splicing)** Newly made RNA matures in the nucleus: it gets a cap and a poly-A tail and loses its introns by…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/rna-processing/)
- [**Translation and the genetic code** In translation the ribosome reads the mRNA three bases at a time (codons) and joins the amino…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/translation-and-the-genetic-code/)
- [**Control of gene expression in human cells** Every cell has the same genes; what makes a liver cell different from a neuron is which genes…](https://durgical.com/en/biochemistry/topics/control-of-gene-expression-in-human-cells/)
- [**Cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis** The cell cycle is the sequence by which a cell grows, copies its DNA and divides; its brakes…](https://durgical.com/en/histology/cell-cycle-mitosis-and-meiosis/)
- [**Gametogenesis: spermatogenesis and oogenesis** How eggs and sperm are made: cells with half the chromosomes, ready to join at fertilization](https://durgical.com/en/embryology/gametogenesis-spermatogenesis-and-oogenesis/)
- [**Meiosis and nondisjunction: where trisomies come from** When chromosomes fail to separate while eggs or sperm form, the embryo gets one too many or one…](https://durgical.com/en/embryology/meiosis-and-nondisjunction-where-trisomies-come-from/)

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This section is an index: it gathers pages from Biochemistry, Pathology, Embryology and other sections without repeating them. Educational content; it does not replace a geneticist's assessment or genetic counselling.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.

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Source: https://durgical.com/en/genetics/genome/
License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Cite as: DurgiPedia (durgical.com), https://durgical.com/en/genetics/genome/