[Durgical](https://durgical.com/en/) › [DurgiPedia](https://durgical.com/en/durgipedia/) › [Pharmacology](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/) › Haematology and coagulation # Haematology and coagulation 54 drugs ## Antianaemia agents (iron, folic acid, vitamin B12) - [**About this section** Iron for microcytic iron-deficiency anaemia; folic acid and vitamin B12 for megaloblastic anaemia. Each…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/antianaemia-agents/) - [**Cyanocobalamin** Gastric intrinsic factor (absorption) and the B12-dependent enzymes](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/cyanocobalamin/) - [**Ferric carboxymaltose** Transferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/ferric-carboxymaltose/) - [**Ferrous sulfate** Transferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/ferrous-sulfate/) - [**Folic acid** Dihydrofolate reductase (activates folic acid)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/folic-acid/) - [**Hydroxocobalamin** Methionine synthase (B12 coenzyme); free cyanide in poisoning](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/hydroxocobalamin/) - [**Iron dextran** Transferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/iron-dextran/) - [**Iron sucrose** Transferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/iron-sucrose/) ## Anticoagulant reversal agents - [**About this section** Antidotes that switch off an anticoagulant when there is serious bleeding or urgent surgery. Each one fits a…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/anticoagulant-reversal-agents/) - [**Andexanet alfa** Factor Xa inhibitors (apixaban, rivaroxaban), which it captures](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/andexanet-alfa/) - [**Idarucizumab** Dabigatran (binds the drug itself)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/idarucizumab/) - [**Phytomenadione (vitamin K1)** Vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX), which uses vitamin K as its cofactor](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/phytomenadione/) - [**Protamine sulfate** Heparin (binds the drug itself)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/protamine-sulfate/) ## Antifibrinolytic haemostatics - [**About this section** Lysine analogues that stop plasmin from dissolving a clot too early. They reduce bleeding in trauma…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/antifibrinolytic-haemostatics/) - [**Aminocaproic acid** Lysine-binding sites (kringle domains) of plasminogen](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/aminocaproic-acid/) - [**Tranexamic acid** Lysine-binding sites (kringle domains) of plasminogen](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/tranexamic-acid/) ## Antiplatelet drugs - [**About this section** Medicines that stop platelets from sticking together, the first step of an arterial clot. Used after heart…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/antiplatelet-drugs/) - [**Abciximab** Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/abciximab/) - [**Cangrelor** P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/cangrelor/) - [**Cilostazol** Phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/cilostazol/) - [**Clopidogrel** P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/clopidogrel/) - [**Dipyridamole** Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (adenosine uptake), and phosphodiesterases](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/dipyridamole/) - [**Eptifibatide** Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/eptifibatide/) - [**Prasugrel** P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/prasugrel/) - [**Ticagrelor** P2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/ticagrelor/) - [**Tirofiban** Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/tirofiban/) - [**Vorapaxar** Protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), the platelet thrombin receptor](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/vorapaxar/) ## Coagulation factor replacement and haemophilia agents - [**About this section** Concentrates that replace a missing clotting factor (VIII in haemophilia A, IX in haemophilia B), plus…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/coagulation-factor-replacement-and-haemophilia-agents/) - [**Coagulation factor IX** Factor IX itself (the serine protease of the tenase complex)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/coagulation-factor-ix/) - [**Coagulation factor VIII** Factor VIII itself (cofactor of factor IXa in the tenase complex)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/coagulation-factor-viii/) - [**Emicizumab** Factor IXa and factor X (bridged by the antibody)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/emicizumab/) ## Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) - [**About this section** Tablets or capsules that block one clotting enzyme directly: factor Xa or thrombin. No routine INR.](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/direct-oral-anticoagulants/) - [**Apixaban** Coagulation factor Xa](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/apixaban/) - [**Dabigatran** Thrombin (coagulation factor IIa)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/dabigatran/) - [**Edoxaban** Coagulation factor Xa](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/edoxaban/) - [**Rivaroxaban** Coagulation factor Xa](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/rivaroxaban/) ## Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) - [**About this section** Recombinant erythropoietin and its long-acting analogues, which make the marrow produce red cells in the…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/erythropoiesis-stimulating-agents/) - [**Darbepoetin alfa** Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) on erythroid progenitors](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/darbepoetin-alfa/) - [**Epoetin alfa** Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) on erythroid progenitors](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/epoetin-alfa/) - [**Luspatercept** TGF-β superfamily ligands that brake red-cell maturation (GDF11, GDF8, activin B)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/luspatercept/) ## Heparins - [**About this section** Injectable anticoagulants that boost antithrombin, the body's own clot brake. By vein they act at once.](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/heparins/) - [**Dalteparin** Antithrombin (and through it, mainly factor Xa)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/dalteparin/) - [**Enoxaparin** Antithrombin (and through it, mainly factor Xa)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/enoxaparin/) - [**Fondaparinux** Antithrombin (and through it, factor Xa only)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/fondaparinux/) - [**Heparin** Antithrombin](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/heparin/) ## Myeloid colony-stimulating factors - [**About this section** Recombinant G-CSF and GM-CSF that speed neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy or a marrow transplant…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/myeloid-colony-stimulating-factors/) - [**Filgrastim** Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/filgrastim/) - [**Pegfilgrastim** Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/pegfilgrastim/) - [**Plerixafor** Chemokine receptor CXCR4 on haematopoietic stem cells](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/plerixafor/) - [**Sargramostim** GM-CSF receptor (α subunit with the common β chain)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/sargramostim/) ## Parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors - [**About this section** Intravenous anticoagulants that block thrombin directly, without antithrombin. Key options in…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/parenteral-direct-thrombin-inhibitors/) - [**Argatroban** Thrombin (coagulation factor IIa)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/argatroban/) - [**Bivalirudin** Thrombin (coagulation factor IIa)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/bivalirudin/) ## Plasma volume expanders (colloids) - [**About this section** Solutions with large molecules, such as human albumin, that stay in the vessels and draw fluid into the…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/plasma-volume-expanders/) - [**Human albumin** Plasma oncotic pressure (albumin itself)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/human-albumin/) ## Sickle cell disease agents - [**About this section** Newer drugs that reduce pain crises in sickle cell disease by protecting red cells or stopping them sticking…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/sickle-cell-disease-agents/) - [**Crizanlizumab** P-selectin on activated endothelium and platelets](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/crizanlizumab/) - [**L-glutamine** Redox balance of sickle red cells (NAD and reduced glutathione)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/l-glutamine/) ## Thrombolytics (fibrinolytics) - [**About this section** Drugs that dissolve a clot that is already blocking a vessel, by turning plasminogen into plasmin. Bleeding…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/thrombolytics/) - [**Alteplase** Plasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/alteplase/) - [**Reteplase** Plasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/reteplase/) - [**Streptokinase** Plasminogen (streptokinase–plasminogen activator complex)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/streptokinase/) - [**Tenecteplase** Plasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/tenecteplase/) ## Thrombopoietin receptor agonists - [**About this section** Drugs that switch on the thrombopoietin receptor so the marrow makes more platelets, used mainly in chronic…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/thrombopoietin-receptor-agonists/) - [**Avatrombopag** Thrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/avatrombopag/) - [**Eltrombopag** Thrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/eltrombopag/) - [**Romiplostim** Thrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/romiplostim/) ## Vitamin K antagonists - [**About this section** Oral anticoagulants that stop the liver from making working clotting factors. Slow to start, slow to wear…](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/classes/vitamin-k-antagonists/) - [**Warfarin** Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1)](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/warfarin/) ## A to Z - [A](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/a/) - [B](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/b/) - [C](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/c/) - [D](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/d/) - [E](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/e/) - [F](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/f/) - [G](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/g/) - [H](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/h/) - [I](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/i/) - [K](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/k/) - [L](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/l/) - [M](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/m/) - [N](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/n/) - [O](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/o/) - [P](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/p/) - [Q](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/q/) - [R](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/r/) - [S](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/s/) - [T](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/t/) - [U](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/u/) - [V](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/v/) - [W](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/w/) - [X](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/x/) - [Y](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/y/) - [Z](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/a-z/z/) [← Pharmacology](https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/) Educational content on how drugs work; not a prescribing guide and no substitute for a health professional's advice. No doses are given. Representative model, for educational purposes only. --- Source: https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/areas/haematology/ License: CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Cite as: DurgiPedia (durgical.com), https://durgical.com/en/pharmacology/areas/haematology/