Research ethics

Nuremberg, Helsinki, Belmont, CIOMS, Colombia's Resolution 8430 of 1993 and ethics committees.

11 pages

Topic

• Clinical equipoise and placebo controlsA trial is ethical if experts do not know which treatment is better; placebo is used only when…
• Research abuses that changed the rules: Tuskegee, Willowbrook, GuatemalaThree studies in which vulnerable people were deceived, infected or left untreated, and which…
• Research ethics committeesAn independent group reviews and approves each study with people before it starts, and monitors…
• Research misconduct: fabrication, falsification, plagiarismMaking up data, altering it or copying others' work without credit is research misconduct; an…
• Vulnerable groups in researchSome people are more likely to be pressured or harmed in a study; they are included only with…

Procedure

• Informed consent in researchBefore joining a study, the person receives clear information, understands it and decides…

Law

• Resolution 8430 of 1993: health research in Colombia and its risk categoriesThe Colombian rule for research with people: an ethics committee, written consent and three risk…

International document

• The Belmont Report (1979)A US report that sums up research ethics in three principles: respect for persons, beneficence…
• The CIOMS international ethical guidelinesTwenty-five guidelines from CIOMS and WHO that explain how to apply Helsinki in practice…
• The Declaration of HelsinkiThe World Medical Association's ethical principles for medical research involving human beings…
• The Nuremberg Code (1947)Ten rules for experiments on human beings, written by the judges who convicted the Nazi doctors…

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← Medical ethics and health law

Educational content on ethics and health law; not legal advice. Laws and case law change: each page links the official text and says when it was last checked. For a real case, read the text in force and ask a lawyer or the medical ethics tribunal.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.