Clinical anatomy and physiology

Ocular surface, cornea, angle, uvea, retina, optic disc, circulation, orbit, muscles and tear drainage, with what matters in clinic.

11 pages

• Blood supply of the retina and choroidThe central retinal artery feeds the inner retina; the ciliary arteries feed the choroid and…
• Extraocular muscles and the cardinal positions of gazeSix muscles move each eye, supplied by three nerves
• Tear production and drainageTears are made in the upper outer orbit and drain through two small openings at the inner corner…
• The anterior chamber and the drainage angleAqueous is made behind the iris, flows through the pupil and drains at the angle between iris…
• The cornea: clarity, nerves and healingThe cornea is the clear window at the front of the eye and its strongest lens
• The lens and zonules through lifeThe lens grows all life and slowly hardens and clouds
• The optic disc: cup, rim and colourThe optic disc is where a million nerve fibres leave the eye
• The orbit, orbital septum and eyelidsThe orbit is a bony cone with thin walls next to the sinuses
• The retina and macula as seen on OCTThe retina is the thin nerve layer lining the back of the eye
• The tear film and ocular surfaceThe tear film is a thin layer of oil, water and mucus that keeps the cornea smooth and clear
• The uvea: iris, ciliary body and choroidThe uvea is the eye's vascular middle layer: the iris sets the pupil, the ciliary body focuses…

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← Ophthalmology for the general doctor

Educational content; not a clinical guideline and no substitute for assessment by a health professional. For sudden visual loss, severe eye pain, a chemical burn or an eye injury, go to an emergency department at once.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.