The eye in systemic disease

Diabetes, hypertension, HIV, autoimmune disease, infections, pregnancy and neurological disease as seen in the eye.

10 pages

• Diabetes and the eye: screening and gradingDiabetic retinopathy causes no symptoms until late, so every person with diabetes needs regular…
• Eye signs that point to a systemic diseaseA ring in the cornea, a dislocated lens or spots in the retina can give away a systemic disease
• HIV and the eye: CMV retinitis and moreHIV affects the eye mostly when CD4 counts are low
• Hypertension and the eyeHigh blood pressure narrows and damages retinal vessels
• Neurological disease seen in the eyeHalf the brain helps vision, so many neurological diseases show in the eyes: in the optic nerve…
• Rheumatic and autoimmune disease in the eyeRheumatic diseases dry, inflame and sometimes melt the eye
• Sarcoidosis and Behçet disease in the eyeSarcoidosis causes granulomatous uveitis; Behçet disease causes a hypopyon uveitis and retinal…
• Sickle cell disease and the eyeSickled cells block small retinal vessels and can grow fragile new ones
• Systemic infections in the eye: syphilis, TB, toxoplasmaSeveral systemic infections inflame the eye
• The eye in pregnancy and pre-eclampsiaPregnancy changes the cornea and refraction a little

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← Ophthalmology for the general doctor

Educational content; not a clinical guideline and no substitute for assessment by a health professional. For sudden visual loss, severe eye pain, a chemical burn or an eye injury, go to an emergency department at once.

Representative model, for educational purposes only.