Haematology and coagulation
54 drugs
Antianaemia agents (iron, folic acid, vitamin B12)
- About this sectionIron for microcytic iron-deficiency anaemia; folic acid and vitamin B12 for megaloblastic anaemia. Each…
- CyanocobalaminGastric intrinsic factor (absorption) and the B12-dependent enzymes
- Ferric carboxymaltoseTransferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)
- Ferrous sulfateTransferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)
- Folic acidDihydrofolate reductase (activates folic acid)
- HydroxocobalaminMethionine synthase (B12 coenzyme); free cyanide in poisoning
- Iron dextranTransferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)
- Iron sucroseTransferrin, the plasma iron carrier (iron is built into haemoglobin)
Anticoagulant reversal agents
- About this sectionAntidotes that switch off an anticoagulant when there is serious bleeding or urgent surgery. Each one fits a…
- Andexanet alfaFactor Xa inhibitors (apixaban, rivaroxaban), which it captures
- IdarucizumabDabigatran (binds the drug itself)
- Phytomenadione (vitamin K1)Vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX), which uses vitamin K as its cofactor
- Protamine sulfateHeparin (binds the drug itself)
Antifibrinolytic haemostatics
- About this sectionLysine analogues that stop plasmin from dissolving a clot too early. They reduce bleeding in trauma…
- Aminocaproic acidLysine-binding sites (kringle domains) of plasminogen
- Tranexamic acidLysine-binding sites (kringle domains) of plasminogen
Antiplatelet drugs
- About this sectionMedicines that stop platelets from sticking together, the first step of an arterial clot. Used after heart…
- AbciximabGlycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)
- CangrelorP2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets
- CilostazolPhosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3)
- ClopidogrelP2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets
- DipyridamoleEquilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (adenosine uptake), and phosphodiesterases
- EptifibatideGlycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)
- PrasugrelP2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets
- TicagrelorP2Y12 ADP receptor on platelets
- TirofibanGlycoprotein IIb/IIIa (integrin αIIbβ3)
- VorapaxarProtease-activated receptor 1 (PAR-1), the platelet thrombin receptor
Coagulation factor replacement and haemophilia agents
- About this sectionConcentrates that replace a missing clotting factor (VIII in haemophilia A, IX in haemophilia B), plus…
- Coagulation factor IXFactor IX itself (the serine protease of the tenase complex)
- Coagulation factor VIIIFactor VIII itself (cofactor of factor IXa in the tenase complex)
- EmicizumabFactor IXa and factor X (bridged by the antibody)
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs)
- About this sectionTablets or capsules that block one clotting enzyme directly: factor Xa or thrombin. No routine INR.
- ApixabanCoagulation factor Xa
- DabigatranThrombin (coagulation factor IIa)
- EdoxabanCoagulation factor Xa
- RivaroxabanCoagulation factor Xa
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs)
- About this sectionRecombinant erythropoietin and its long-acting analogues, which make the marrow produce red cells in the…
- Darbepoetin alfaErythropoietin receptor (EPOR) on erythroid progenitors
- Epoetin alfaErythropoietin receptor (EPOR) on erythroid progenitors
- LuspaterceptTGF-β superfamily ligands that brake red-cell maturation (GDF11, GDF8, activin B)
Heparins
- About this sectionInjectable anticoagulants that boost antithrombin, the body's own clot brake. By vein they act at once.
- DalteparinAntithrombin (and through it, mainly factor Xa)
- EnoxaparinAntithrombin (and through it, mainly factor Xa)
- FondaparinuxAntithrombin (and through it, factor Xa only)
- HeparinAntithrombin
Myeloid colony-stimulating factors
- About this sectionRecombinant G-CSF and GM-CSF that speed neutrophil recovery after chemotherapy or a marrow transplant…
- FilgrastimGranulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR)
- PegfilgrastimGranulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR)
- PlerixaforChemokine receptor CXCR4 on haematopoietic stem cells
- SargramostimGM-CSF receptor (α subunit with the common β chain)
Parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors
- About this sectionIntravenous anticoagulants that block thrombin directly, without antithrombin. Key options in…
- ArgatrobanThrombin (coagulation factor IIa)
- BivalirudinThrombin (coagulation factor IIa)
Plasma volume expanders (colloids)
- About this sectionSolutions with large molecules, such as human albumin, that stay in the vessels and draw fluid into the…
- Human albuminPlasma oncotic pressure (albumin itself)
Sickle cell disease agents
- About this sectionNewer drugs that reduce pain crises in sickle cell disease by protecting red cells or stopping them sticking…
- CrizanlizumabP-selectin on activated endothelium and platelets
- L-glutamineRedox balance of sickle red cells (NAD and reduced glutathione)
Thrombolytics (fibrinolytics)
- About this sectionDrugs that dissolve a clot that is already blocking a vessel, by turning plasminogen into plasmin. Bleeding…
- AlteplasePlasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin
- ReteplasePlasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin
- StreptokinasePlasminogen (streptokinase–plasminogen activator complex)
- TenecteplasePlasminogen (the zymogen of plasmin), bound to fibrin
Thrombopoietin receptor agonists
- About this sectionDrugs that switch on the thrombopoietin receptor so the marrow makes more platelets, used mainly in chronic…
- AvatrombopagThrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes
- EltrombopagThrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes
- RomiplostimThrombopoietin receptor (MPL, c-Mpl) on megakaryocytes
Vitamin K antagonists
- About this sectionOral anticoagulants that stop the liver from making working clotting factors. Slow to start, slow to wear…
- WarfarinVitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1)
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Educational content on how drugs work; not a prescribing guide and no substitute for a health professional's advice. No doses are given.
Representative model, for educational purposes only.